BODHI International Journal of Research in Humanities, Arts and Science
Development and Growth of the National College Library: A 10-Year Case Study of Collections, Services, User Utilization, and Technology Adoption
This case study examines the development trajectory of the National College Library at National College (Autonomous), Tiruchirappalli, Tamil Nadu, India, over a ten-year review window using institutional reports and library statistics published on the college website. The library has evolved from an early 20th-century reading collection into a fully automated resource centre with barcode and RFID enabled operations, ROVAN LMS version 7.0, web access, mobile access, institutional repositories, plagiarism-checking support, digital bulletin boards, and integrated digital services. The study synthesizes official figures for collection growth, annual acquisitions, expenditure, and service utilization, alongside the current institutional profile supplied in the brief. Evidence shows a strong upward trend in user engagement, with reported annual users rising from 20,296 in 2017-18 to 133,883 in 2022-23, while annual expenditure and acquisitions shifted in response to institutional priorities and the digital transformation agenda. The findings indicate that the library has moved beyond a traditional circulation model to a hybrid learning commons that supports print, electronic, research, and competitive-exam needs. The report concludes that the library’s growth is closely linked to technology adoption, targeted user services, and proactive librarian-led engagement.
Copyright (c) 2026 T. Sureshkumar, R. Vijayalakshmi, A. Radha Jeyalakshmi https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
The Lack of Libraries in Dystopian Setups: A Reading on Ray Bradbury’s ‘Fahrenheit 451’ and Manjula Padmanabhan’s ‘The Island of Lost Girls’
Dystopian narratives frequently use the incidental book banning/burning and/or the absence of libraries to signal the erosion of literacy, memory, and critical thought, which paves way to control and make them comply the mass under the authoritarian rule. This paper offers a comparative reading of Fahrenheit 451 and The Island of Lost Girls to examine two distinct modes of epistemic control. The paper intends to argue that these texts represent a dystopian continuum where lack of information repositories like libraries, and ownership of texts makes one a criminal enables social control and citizen complicity. By foregrounding literacy as a form of cultural memory and intellectual agency, the study highlights libraries as inherently anti dystopian institutions whose disappearance enables the production of passive and historically disconnected subjects. The analysis underscores the continuing relevance of libraries in sustaining lifelong learning and informed citizenship
Copyright (c) 2026 J. Subashree , S. Maha https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
A Study of Feminist Ideology in Simone de Beauvoir’s “The Second Sex”
This research paper offers a critical examination of gender-related concerns and the feminist philosophy articulated by Simone de Beauvoir in her seminal work, The Second Sex. Feminist thought highlights women’s capacity to assert and sustain equality through their own agency, both within the domestic sphere and in the professional realm. De Beauvoir forcefully argues that, throughout history, men have subordinated women by construing them as “the Other,” an inessential entity, while establishing themselves as the essential subject. She contends that gender roles are not biologically predetermined but are socially constructed, and it is encapsulated in her wellknown assertion, “One is not born, but rather becomes, a woman”. In writing The Second Sex, De Beauvoir sought to enable women to perceive themselves as autonomous individuals, liberated from idealized and restrictive notions of femininity. She aims to demonstrate that femininity is not innate but is molded by countless external influences. The concept of gender, therefore, refers to socially constructed roles and relationships between men and women, encircling diverse fields such as literature, language, history, political science, sociology, anthropology, media studies, law, and medicine. Feminism, as a collective of movements and ideologies, shares the common objective of achieving equal political, social, economic, cultural, and personal rights for women. De Beauvoir further asserts that the persistent characterization of women as unconventionalities from a male-defined norm has constrained their opportunities, positioning them as outsiders striving to conform to an imposed standard of “normality”. She regarded feminism as essential to social progress. Her work presents a profound exploration of the universality, intensity, and complexity of women’s oppression throughout history. Therefore, this paper critically analyzes the anxieties surrounding gender and the enduring feminist insights found in her classic text, The Second Sex
Copyright (c) 2026 D. Annie https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
Redefining Library Services in the Digital Era: Opportunities and Challenges – A Study of Selected Libraries in the Mysuru Region
The digital transformation of libraries has reshaped traditional models of information organization and service delivery. Libraries are increasingly adopting hybrid service frameworks that integrate physical collections with digital platforms to meet evolving user expectations. In regional educational centres such as Mysuru, this transformation is gradual and influenced by infrastructural, financial, and human resource factors. The present study examines the redefined roles of libraries in the digital era with reference to selected academic and public libraries in the Mysuru region. Using a descriptive survey method, data were collected from library professionals and users across six institutions. The findings indicate high adoption of basic digital services such as e-books and e-journals, moderate implementation of virtual reference and cloud-based management systems, and limited use of artificial intelligence applications. While digital services significantly enhance accessibility and user satisfaction, challenges related to infrastructure, staff training, and funding persist. The study offers regionspecific insights and policy recommendations for strengthening digital library services in similar semi-urban contexts
Copyright (c) 2026 R. Harish https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
Strategic Initiatives to Enhance Work Life Balance of Healthcare Provider in Private Health Facilities
The working pattern and working environment have brought about major changes to the concept of work life balance after the industrial revolution. It is really a challenging task for any concern to achieve a stable balance between the work and family commitments of the present employees Therefore, in order to balance their personal and professional roles, it is essential for every organization to create a peaceful environment. At the same time, they have to take effective steps to enhance the work life balance of their employees through various strategic initiatives. These initiatives in turn will definitely lead to peaceful environment both at home and work place. The study targeted six leading private hospitals in Tirunelveli City. Non probability random sampling is followed in the selection of the sample, 20 employees from each of the six hospitals totaling 120 respondents are selected as sample for the study. Primary data were collected using structured self-administered questionnaire and analyzed using both descriptive and inferential statistics with the aid Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 27.
Copyright (c) 2026 T. Glory Selvam https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
Role of Libraries in Preserving Tamil Cultural Heritage
“A library can be described as a temple of knowledge, a treasury of education, and the guardian of human civilization.” A library is not merely a place for collecting books; it is a sacred space that preserves the intellectual wealth of society, disseminates it, and transmits it to future generations. A library is an institution that systematically collects, classifies, preserves, and provides access to information resources such as books, journals, documents, and electronic materials to its users. Tamil cultural heritage is not limited to literary texts alone; it encompasses diverse cultural elements such as Sangam literature, Bhakti literature, Siddhar literature, folk songs, temple sculpture art, traditional theatre forms, and oral historical narratives. Libraries play a leading role in the three fundamental functions of collection, preservation, and dissemination of these resources. Ancient libraries such as the Madurai Meenakshi Temple Library, Thiruvavaduthurai Adheenam Library, and the Thanjavur Saraswathi Mahal Library stand as pioneers in the preservation of Tamil cultural heritage. The remarkable contribution of U. V. Swaminatha Iyer in preserving Tamil manuscripts ensured the continuity of this tradition. Based on the principle that “a library is a measure of the civilizational development of a society,” integrated preservation efforts can ensure the sustained protection of Tamil cultural heritage and its transmission to future generations. Libraries perform a dual role as guardians of Tamil cultural identity and as cultural bridges. From traditional methods such as manuscript preservation and palm-leaf restoration to modern techniques like digitalization, electronic archives, and online databases, libraries employ a wide range of preservation strategies. This research article extensively examines the significant role played by libraries in safeguarding Tamil cultural heritage and ensuring its continuity for future society.
Copyright (c) 2026 S. Padmini https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
The Poet as Healer: Self, Shadow, and Seeker in Rumi, Rimbaud, and Gibran
The world today is characterized by psychological distress, cultural displacement and spiritual exhaustion, literature has its power to reflect and heal emotional experiences. Poetry gives healing. This paper seeks to explore the healing power of poetry in a psychoanalytical and spiritual context using Jalal al-Din Rumi, Arthur Rimbaud, and Kahlil Gibran as the subjects. The ideas such as Freudian repression and catharsis can be implemented in Jungian archetypes of the Self, Shadow, and Seeker, and Viktor Frankl's logotherapy. This article demonstrates how poetry can be used as a therapeutic practice. The study states three poets: Rumi as the healer of the fractured self through mystical union, Rimbaud as the articulator of madness and shadow through radical expression, and Gibran as the spiritual guide offering wisdom for holistic self-care embody therapeutic archetypes. Through close readings of selected poems, the article shows how poetry functions as a symbolic bridge between unconscious suffering and conscious meaning-making. This research highlights poetry’s cross-cultural relevance to contemporary mental health discourse by positioning Eastern mysticism and Western modernism within a shared psycho-symbolic framework
Copyright (c) 2026 O.M. Jumana Haseen https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
Patents on ‘Digital Library’: A Metric Analysis of Lens Database
The concept of the digital library has gained prominence as an essential component of modern information access and knowledge management. Intellectual property in this area has been extensively protected through patents, reflecting the growing technological innovation and global competition in digital library systems, tools, and applications. This study presents a comprehensive metric analysis of patents related to “digital library” retrieved from the Lens database. A total of 18,099 patent records were analyzed across multiple dimensions, including year-wise distribution, jurisdictions, applicants, document types, classification codes, agents, inventors, and citations. The findings reveal the dominance of leading technology firms such as IBM, Microsoft, and Google in patent ownership, with the United States contributing the highest share of records. The study provides valuable insights into the technological trends and innovation patterns in the domain of digital libraries, thereby contributing to bibliometric research in patent literature.
Copyright (c) 2026 R. Sankaralingam, K. Ramasamy https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
Role of Digital Libraries in Preserving Indigenous Knowledge: An Analytical Study of Traditional Knowledge Digital Library and Tribal Digital Repository
Digital libraries are being recognized as important tools for the conservation of indigenous and traditional knowledge that help to connect cultural heritage to technology. This paper analyses the role of two India basedmainstream initiatives-Traditional Knowledge Digital Library and Tribal Digital Document Repository in protecting knowledge in the digital era. The cross-checks of data were obtained from the official websites of TKDL and Tribal Repository along with policy papers, technical reports and scientific literature. Using document analysis and platform observation, the research examines preservation tactics, metadata norms, software functionalities and mechanisms, access functions, and usage. One such initiative is TKDL, which has created a digital database of more than 34 million pages from about 454,000 – 515,000 thousand Indian systems of medicine formulations adopting multilingual digitization and the Traditional Knowledge Resource Classification system into IT by CSIR in 2001 to document Ayurveda, Unani,Siddha, Yoga and Sowa Rigpa systematically. TDR launched by Ministry of Tribal Affairs consisting 10,000 plus digital resources maintain documentation and archival record of the tangible and intangible heritage and culture of Indian tribes to enable ethnographic, sociological, linguistic,cultural studies for achieving individuality in cultural contents. The study shows how these digital libraries contribute not only to preserving indigenous knowledge, but also to increasing accessiblity, use of research, and intergenerational transfer. TKDL and TDR are leading the best practices in information curation, metadata management and user centric design. This paper has highlighted the importance of digital libraries for harmonizing traditional knowledge with technological advancement, safeguarding cultural continuation and preventing its exploitation in the global knowledge resource.
Copyright (c) 2026 Anandraj K.C, Jothimani B, S Aravind https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
Scientometric Mapping of Open Access Research in Digital Libraries
This study presents a scientometric examination of Open Access (OA) publication patterns in the field of digital library research. It analyzes the rapid growth of OA literature from 2001 to 2024, emphasizing key research themes, institutional and geographic contributions, modes of OA dissemination, and licensing practices. Data for the study were retrieved from major scholarly databases and analyzed using scientometric techniques to identify publication growth trends, leading countries and institutions, prominent research topics, and corresponding author patterns. The study further investigates various OA publication models, including gold, green, bronze, and hybrid access, along with the licenses under which these works are published. The results indicate the dominance of specific countries and institutions in OA digital library research, while also highlighting influential contributors and emerging research areas. Overall, the findings offer valuable insights into the evolving landscape of digital library research and underscore the increasing significance of Open Access models in scholarly communication.
Copyright (c) 2026 R. Kavitha https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
The Representation of Cultural Consciousness in Amit Chaudhuri's Afternoon Raag from a Multicultural Perspective
The concept of culture is inherently intertwined with the formation and establishment of a nation's identity. Indian culture is a manifestation of Indian society, encompassing unique practices that have undergone transformations as a result of the socio-cultural impacts of globalisation. Amit Chaudhuri is widely recognised as one of the most prominent Indian novelists writing in the English. The author's writings demonstrate a deep comprehension and admiration for the fundamental values and unvarnished character of Indian ideals, which are infused with the unique spirit of Bengali culture. In the modern world, multiculturalism is seen as a cultural phenomenon that is essential to the development of civilized countries. The word "multiculturalism" refers more broadly to the existence of different racial, social, gender, linguistic, cultural, sexual orientation, or disabilit yrelated distinctions within a single society. The representation and significance of cultural sites in the framework of the novel Afternoon Raag are the main topics of this article. This statement attempts to align with Chaudhuri's contemplation on multiculturalism within the socio-cultural context, namely within the framework of diasporic consciousness
Copyright (c) 2026 A. Arputha Pragasam, S. Rajkumar https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
Digital libraries are being recognized as important tools for the conservation of indigenous and traditional knowledge that help to connect cultural heritage to technology. This paper analyses the role of two India basedmainstream initiatives-Traditional Knowledge Digital Library and Tribal Digital Document Repository in protecting knowledge in the digital era. The cross-checks of data were obtained from the official websites of TKDL and Tribal Repository along with policy papers, technical reports and scientific literature. Using document analysis and platform observation, the research examines preservation tactics, metadata norms, software functionalities and mechanisms, access functions, and usage. One such initiative is TKDL, which has created a digital database of more than 34 million pages from about 454,000 – 515,000 thousand Indian systems of medicine formulations adopting multilingual digitization and the Traditional Knowledge Resource Classification system into IT by CSIR in 2001 to document Ayurveda, Unani, Siddha, Yoga and Sowa Rigpa systematically. TDR launched by Ministry of Tribal Affairs consisting 10,000 plus digital resources maintain documentation and archival record of the tangible and intangible heritage and culture of Indian tribes to enable ethnographic, sociological, linguistic,cultural studies for achieving individuality in cultural contents. The study shows how these digital libraries contribute not only to preserving indigenous knowledge, but also to increasing accessiblity, use of research, and intergenerational transfer. TKDL and TDR are leading the best practices in information curation, metadata management and user centric design. This paper has highlighted the importance of digital libraries for harmonizing traditional knowledge with technological advancement, safeguarding cultural continuation and preventing its exploitation in the global knowledge resource.
Storytelling with Data: Literary Narrative Strategies in Scientific and Data Visualisation
We live in an age defined by data. While computer algorithms can process data, they do little to provide readers and audiences with context for why the pattern exists. Complexity needs clarity. Data cannot effectively represent the story behind patterns. As in literature, storytelling is necessary to create an understanding of the data. Data is narrated through methods such as framing, point of view, and emotion to convey its message. Therefore, when data are presented using this technique, they can be easily interpreted without further analysis. This paper argues that a combination of narrative theories, visualizations, and transdisciplinary research will provide a model for bridging the humanities and science fields and for communicating precise, emotionally engaging messages through data-driven communication.
Copyright (c) 2026 Esaya Britto Raphael https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
Multimodal Literacy and Lifelong Learning: Graphic Memoirs in Contemporary Libraries
With the growing trend in the movement of literacy practices to the more visual and multimodal modes of communication, libraries are pressured to transform their understanding of the facilitation of reading culture and lifelong learning. In this paper, the author focuses on graphic memoirs as visual life writing that facilitates the development of multimodal literature in the contemporary library setting. The research is based on the theories of multimodality and multiliteracies that hold that graphic memoirs represent multi-layered meaning-making texts that combine graphic, verbal, and spatial modes, and broaden the conventional understanding of literacy. Using frameworks of life writing and adult learning, the paper will locate graphic memoirs as reflective and experiential texts that can be used to help the adult learner undergo transformative learning, especially adult learners, the reluctant reader, and the linguistically diverse communities. It is the autobiographical aspect of graphic memoirs, that lets the readers critically engage with lived experience, memory, and identity, which results in empathy and a prolonged sense of interpretive interaction, which are among the outcomes of lifelong learning. In the context of the participatory library theory, the paper posits graphic memoirs not only as alternative collection objects but as objects of pedagogy, which can be activated with the help of curated collections, reading circles, and interdisciplinary programming. These efforts encourage visual literacy, narrative competence, as well as critical media awareness, and at the same time encourage the continuing reinventing of libraries as dynamic learning environments, and not as depositories. The paper then concludes by arguing that strategic incorporation of graphic memoirs in libraries by incorporating them in library collections and programmes enables libraries to react suitably to emerging literacy ecologies. In adopting the visual life writing as a form of practicing literary, the modern libraries can maintain the culture of reading, expand access to learning, and renew their focus as open institutions dedicated to literacy and lifelong learning
Copyright (c) 2026 A. Hediyah, S. Maha https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
Bonds That Bind and Break: Female Friendship, Identity, and Survival in Sula and The Kitchen God’s Wife A Comparative Literary Analysis
The term “friendship” is difficult to define. It was seen by the ancients as a virtue that co-existed with social justice. There have been many proponents of friendship throughout history who have keen to emphasize its positive aspects. Friendship has long fascinated the curiosity of anthropologists. Their focus has often been on friendship’s role in the structure of social conduct and how it operates in society. In many communities, friendship is considered as the most sacred social relationship. For ages, people have conveyed ideas similar to this one. Treatises on the role of friendship in sustaining society have been written by Plato, Aristotle, Montaigne, Descartes, Jeremy Taylor, Bacon and Adam Smith, talking about how friends’ love and compassion keep society going with varying degrees of zeal. Steve Duck says that friendship leads to a better life, emphasizing the physical advantages of friendship (Raymer165). Some theorists who examine women’s relationships and the challenges women face argue that female friendship functions as an essential support system. Scholars such as Bell Hooks, Patricia Hill Collins, Carole Boyce Davies, Elizabeth Abel, and Clenora Hudson-Weems explore women’s experiences across gender, ethnicity, and class, showing how women rely on one another to develop strategies for survival and resilience. This paper focuses on female friendship as a structural and thematic foundation in Toni Morrison’s Sula and Amy Tan’s The Kitchen God’s Wife. In both the novels, friendship functions as an act of cultural transmission - a means by which women’s truths are witnessed, preserved, and passed across generations. Although the texts are products of distinct cultural traditions and historical moments, both reveal that women’s bonds carry an existential weight that goes well beyond the personal.
Copyright (c) 2026 Baisakhi Mukherjee https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
Users Awareness of ICT Based E Resources in Self Finance Wing of Erode Arts & Science College in Erode District –A Study
This Paper examines the utilization of electronic resources and services across UG Students, Research Scholars, Faculty of Erode Arts and Science College self-finance wing. A systematic questionnaire was used in this investigation with 110 respondents for primary data collection. Among 110 Respondents only 98 Respondents filled the Questionnaire and are recorded. This paper highlights what are the types of E Resources available and the Users awareness about E Resources and its Challenges.
Erode Arts and Science College Erode Arts and Science College
Copyright (c) 2026 C. Siva Prakash, T.Magudeeswaran https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
A Descriptive Case Study of Health Insurance and Out-of-Pocket Expenditure among Marine Fishermen in Kanyakumari District”
In India, marine fishermen are among the most vulnerable occupational groups in the unorganised sector due to a combination of geographic isolation, occupational dangers, income volatility, and poor access to official health protection. This descriptive case study investigates the management of out-of-pocket medical expenses (OOPE) and health insurance access for fishing households in Eraviputhenthurai, Kanyakumari district. The study offers contextual insights on healthcare utilisation patterns and financial coping mechanisms based on informal conversations with about 40–45 fishermen and their families during exploratory fieldwork from March 4–7, 2026. The results show four interrelated vulnerabilities: high occupational health risks that cause care to be delayed; institutional gaps where cooperative schemes only offer conditional life insurance with no medical coverage; extreme economic instability with income ranging from ₹10,000 to ₹1 lakh and a 60–75 day annual lean period; and geographic barriers that require travel of more than an hour for advanced care. Due to these issues, households are forced to rely on high-interest borrowing and OOPE, which frequently leads to recurrent debt cycles and distress finance. The study offers empirical, first-hand knowledge from a fishing community that is seldom included in extensive surveys. It suggests enhanced coastal public health infrastructure, adaptable insurance plans in line with fishing cycles, and occupation-sensitive health policies that take into account the realities of informal livelihoods.
Copyright (c) 2026 Srijani Ganguly https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
An Intelligent Machine Learning–Driven Smart Library Framework Using Self-Supervised Knowledge-Aware Transformers and Graph Neural Networks for Knowledge Management, Digital Humanities, and Lifelong Learning
For libraries to serve as intelligent digital ecosystems, they need an AI approach like advanced artificial intelligence can provide one with adaptive learning. It could turn libraries into intellectual digital ecosystems. The reliance of traditional library informatization systems on manual indexing and supervised models directly limits the scalability, transdisciplinary knowledge search platform mode. By taking an intelligent machine learning driven smart library framework as an example, this paper explores how to apply AI technologies (such as Self-Supervised Knowledge-Aware Transformer and Graph Neural Network-Based Knowledge Reasoning) in their fields: administration of knowledge, digital humanities research and lifelong learning services. The SKAT approach combines field-specific ontologies and classification algorithms to achieve intelligent contextual understanding, while self-supervised learning extracts rich semantic representations of general meaning from large volumes of unlabeled texts, metadata, and user interaction records. The graph neural network is used to model and reason over library knowledge graphs. As a result, a complex web of relations linking information writers, categories, and readers together emerge. This comprehensive system supports personalized learning paths, automatic thematic classification, cultural content analytics and intelligent retrieval of resources. The suggested SKAT–GNN architecture outperforms only utilizing transformers (87.2%) as well as conventional models (83.4%) with a retrieval accuracy of 91.8%. It achieves improved conceptual comprehension and personalized learning performance with an F1-score of 91.5%, subject coherence of 0.67, and recommendation relevance (nDCG@10) of 0.81. On benchmark digital library datasets, experimental evaluation showed that its retrieval accuracy is higher than the traditional machine learning and transformer-only method. Moreover, it improves topic consistency in some measure. Lastly, recommendation relevance is enhanced as well. Smart libraries of the suggested framework make collaborative academic support and sustainable knowledge eco-systems feasible
Copyright (c) 2026 P. Rajeswari , R. Latha, R. Vijayalakshmi https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
Initiative Taken by Tamil Nadu Government in Preserving Tamil Heritage: The Madurai Meenakshi Amman Temple Odhuvar Training School
Transcending through time, a tradition that began from sixth century CE, Odhuvars, who are the Saiva temple singers, have thrived with unwavering patronage from historical rulers and the contemporary Tamil Nadu government. Odhuvar Training Schools have played a crucial role in safeguarding the Tamil language, literature, Pannisai (an indigenous Tamil music style), and temple rituals, thereby educating future generations. This article examines the Madurai Odhuvar Training School, also known as the Odhuvar Payirchi Palli, which was established with the backing of the Tamil Nadu Government, highlighting its pedagogical approaches, breadth of influence, and the obstacles it faces
Copyright (c) 2026 B. Abirami, B. Juliana Immaculate https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
Intelligent Libraries in the Cloud Era: Powering Next-Gen Knowledge Access Through AI and Cloud Learning Platforms
The fast growth of digital technologies has changed how people access, manage, and use libraries. The arrival of cloud computing and artificial intelligence (AI) has sparked a shift in libraries from simple physical storage spaces to active, smart knowledge systems. This paper looks at how cloudbased learning platforms and AI technologies are shaping the next generation of library services. They enable personalized learning experiences, real-time knowledge retrieval, and predictive resource management. We examine current trends in adopting intelligent libraries, assess the benefits and challenges of integrating AI and cloud systems, and perform a bibliometric review to track scholarly progress in this area. Our research uses a mixedmethod approach, combining data analysis of adoption rates, usage patterns, and resource engagement with insights from case studies of leading institutions. We explore key elements of intelligent libraries, including cloudhosted digital collections, AI-driven recommendation systems, natural language search interfaces, machine learning classification systems, and analytics dashboards for administrators. The findings show that libraries that use cloud frameworks achieve significant improvements in scalability, accessibility, interoperability, and cost efficiency. Also, AI boosts knowledge discovery by customizing content to user preferences and learning contexts, automating metadata creation, and enabling multilingual search capabilities. Despite these advancements, challenges remain. Concerns about data privacy, equal access, algorithmic bias, and reliance on third-party cloud provider’s present important issues for library governance. Our bibliometric analysis shows a growing interest in intelligent library research across different disciplines, with major themes focused on user experience design, AI ethics, semantic web integration, and educational outcomes. Most influential publications come from fields like information science and computer science, highlighting a blend of technical and library science expertise. This paper wraps up with a framework for implementing intelligent library solutions that balance technological possibilities with ethical and practical needs. We offer practical recommendations for policymakers, library leaders, and tech developers to create sustainable, inclusive, and user-centered intelligent library environments. By viewing intelligent libraries as essential parts of the larger digital learning ecosystem, institutions can help learners, researchers, and communities navigate a more complex knowledge landscape
Copyright (c) 2026 P. Meena Priya Dharshini, M. Yasmin https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
A Machine Learning – Enabled and Explainable Federated Framework for Synergizing Knowledge Systems, Cultural Heritage Preservation, and Skill Development in Sustainable Interdisciplinary Research
Due to the exponential increase in digital knowledge and adaptive skill development becoming necessary, in this day and age intelligent research frameworks also to be sustainable for sustainable cultural heritage protection. Traditional knowledge management systems and heritage preservation processes are problematic in that data processing is centralized and manual. They restrict scalability, interoperability, and data privacy. This paper proposes architecture, based on Machine learning technology, which incorporates this research ecosystesm by merging heritage management with skill development, and making them both part of the same knowledge structure. However, it recommends the use of an Explainable Federated Multi- Modal Learning approach (EFMML). The proposed structure involves the use of machine learning-based recommendation algorithms for customized skill development, digitizing cultural artifacts with computer vision models that are highly efficient and deep learning powered; recognition of scripts in texts through restoration of damaged artifacts; and semantic knowledge extraction from academic repositories using natural language processing (NLP). Federated learning collaborates on model development across multiple writers, their privacy is protected and they follow the law. Because raw data is never shared among enterprises, we are thus able to sidestep issues of data sensitivity or ingrained corporate reticence. Furthermore, explainable AI methods allow the investigation, history, and educators to get insight into modeling judgment broken down for them. With up to 93.6% retrieval precision, 34.2 dB PSNR, 0.93 SSIM, and 92.8% artifact detection rate with lowering matching error to 0.81 RMSE, the suggested EFMML framework clearly outperforms centralized and inexplicable standards quantitatively. These findings show that the integration of explainable AI, multi-modal intelligence, and federated learning allows for privacy-preserving collaboration without compromising performance, making EFMML a scalable and future-ready solution for sustainable research in diverse ecosystems. Experimental validation with multi-modal benchmark data sets shows improvement in b oth retrieval accuracy and artifact digitization quality compared to centralized and unexplained baselines. In addition to its suggestion for privacy obsessional intelligent cognition and multi- modality acquisition, the framework proposed presents a model for long- term interdisciplinary cooperation and is fit to survive the study environments of generations that will follow ours.
Interdisciplinary Research Sustainability
Copyright (c) 2026 R. Latha, P. Rajeswari https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
SDG 16 and the Role of Peace, Justice, and Strong Institutions in Adichie’s Cell One
Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie's short story Cell One demonstrates how the values of SDG 16 through its depiction of peace and justice and strong institutions as essential elements for establishing equitable and enduring societies. The literature demonstrates these concepts through its depiction of how corruption and inadequate systems disrupt the daily existence of common people, and Cell One operates as a powerful demonstration of this concept through its depiction of citizens who battle against a corrupt justice system and institutional power. The researcher employed qualitative textual analysis of the text through which close reading and thematic interpretation connected the story to the principles of SDG 16. The results reveal that the story demonstrates institutional power abuse through police violence and their injustice toward innocent individuals. The text demonstrates the main character's moral development through his increasing knowledge of justice and human suffering. The research achieves its unique aspect by establishing a connection between a global development goal and literary text through its investigation. The research statement demonstrates that Cell One functions as a resource for people to better understand peace and justice and institutional strength.
Copyright (c) 2026 Kalaiselvi P, Marie Evangeline H https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
Financial Patterns and Variability in Library Expenditure: A Three Year Analysis of NIRF Top 100 Colleges in India
This study presents a comprehensive statistical analysis of library budget utilization among the top 100 NIRF ranked arts and science colleges in India over a three year period (2021–22 to 2023–24). Using secondary data from NIRF submissions and institutional financial reports, the research examines patterns of expenditure, variability in allocations, and financial consistency across institutions in Delhi, Tamil Nadu, and Kerala. Key statistical measures such as mean, standard deviation, and coefficient of variation were applied to evaluate the stability and adequacy of library funding. The findings reveal significant disparities among institutions, with some colleges demonstrating consistent and robust investment, while others show fluctuating or minimal allocations. K-means clustering further categorizes colleges into high investment and low investment groups, offering insights into institutional priorities and resource management practices. Overall, the study underscores the importance of sustained financial planning for library development and highlights the critical role of library funding in enhancing academic quality and institutional performance.
Copyright (c) 2026 Parthasarathy R, Balasubrmanian M https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
Acqusition of Pronunciation Skill for Students in Tribal Areas
Pronunciation skill development plays a crucial role of both between teacher’s and student’s in modern era.Effective pronunciation is a fundamental need for spoken and reading skills in language. Listening, Speaking, Reading and Writing plays a vital role in language teaching and learning process. Mother tongue interference plays lack of learnability of other languages because lack of sources materials in learning and teaching language, age limitation also main role play of learning language. Non native language learners get struggles in understanding level of rhythm and tone of particular language, understanding level of students particularly tribal area students and their individual level of language because English as Second Language non-native language learners could not able to know their difficulties in pronunciation the framework designed to accommodate pronunciation skills improvement of learners in by their self determination in both theoretical and practical approach in explicit method of learning would help students to develop their quality in non- native language effectively. The purpose of this way of teaching language for school students would defined their difficulties before and after teaching for their improvement communication skill, chosen particularly tribal students were they are suffers by mother tongue interference enhance autonomy and confidence level in pronouncing words.
Copyright (c) 2026 Akarshana. S, V. Neelakandan https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
From Silent Spaces to Skill Labs: Reimagining Libraries as Professional Capacity-Building Ecosystems through AI Integration
The evolving demands of the digital economy have compelled libraries to redefine their functional identity beyond traditional information access. This paper presents a novel concept of libraries as AI-enabled professional capacity-building ecosystems, transforming silent reading spaces into dynamic skill laboratories. By integrating artificial intelligence technologies such as intelligent search systems, adaptive learning platforms, virtual assistants, and data-driven user analytics, libraries can actively support professional skill development, career readiness, and lifelong learning. The study emphasizes the shift from resource-centric services to experiencecentric learning environments where AI enhances personalization, accessibility, and efficiency. A conceptual framework is proposed to illustrate how AI functions as the central enabler in library-based skill labs. The paper concludes that AI-integrated libraries hold significant potential in democratizing skill development and strengthening professional competencies in an inclusive and sustainable manner.
Copyright (c) 2026 Swarnalatha S, K. Ravi https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
Unveiling the White Gaze: Toni Morrison’s Exploration of Racism, Identity, and Resistance
This paper explores the profound ways in which American author Toni Morrison addresses the complexities of racism, the construction of racial identity, and the systemic oppression of African Americans in her literary works and critical essays. By examining her novels, such as The Bluest Eye, A Mercy, and Beloved, alongside her short story Recitatif and her critical nonfiction like Playing in the Dark and The Origin of Others, this paper demonstrates how Morrison deconstructs the "white gaze" and exposes the hypocrisy of white American liberalism. Furthermore, it highlights Morrison's commitment to giving a voice to the interior lives of the marginalized, showing how she reclaims history and language as powerful tools for resistance and healing
Copyright (c) 2026 V. Chandra Chowdry, T. Jayakumar, A. NobleJebakumar https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
From Reading Rooms to Skill-Building Ecosystems: The Role of New-Generation Libraries in Lifelong Learning, Employability, and Competitive Examination Training
The role of libraries has expanded significantly in response to changing educational demands, labor market transformations, and the increasing emphasis on employability and lifelong learning. Traditionally perceived as quiet reading spaces and repositories of printed materials, libraries are now being reimagined as dynamic skill-building ecosystems that actively support professional development and competitive examination preparation. This conceptual paper examines the evolving role of new-generation libraries in facilitating lifelong learning, enhancing employability, and enabling structured support for competitive examination training within contemporary knowledge societies. Drawing upon theoretical perspectives from library and information science, lifelong learning theory, and human capital development, the paper conceptualizes how libraries function as inclusive, accessible, and non-formal learning environments that bridge the gap between education and employment. Particular attention is given to the role of libraries in supporting candidates preparing for competitive examinations, such as civil services, public sector recruitment, and professional certification tests, by providing curated learning resources, digital platforms, mentorship support, and collaborative learning spaces. The integration of technology-enabled services, including online learning platforms, digital repositories, and skill development modules, further strengthens the capacity of libraries to address diverse learner needs. The paper also explores the transformation of libraries into employability-oriented learning hubs that support skill acquisition, career readiness, and continuous professional development. By positioning libraries as mediating institutions between formal education systems and labor market requirements, the study highlights their potential to enhance workforce preparedness and social mobility. A synthesized conceptual framework is proposed to illustrate how libraries integrate lifelong learning, skill training, and competitive examination support within a unified ecosystem. This study contributes to scholarly discourse by offering a theoretically grounded reorientation of libraries as strategic institutions for skill development and employability, with implications for educational policy, workforce planning, and inclusive learning infrastructures
Copyright (c) 2026 R. Hariharan, K. Selvakumar https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
Improving Communicative Competence Through Integrating LSRW
Communication is the most important competence in learning English language. However, ESL learners are quiet knowledgeable handling grammatic rules but they facing big battle to communicate effectively. The main reason for the struggle is lack of integrating four big pillars of language learning. That is listening skill, speaking skill, reading skill and writing skill (LSRW). This article explores how integrating these four skills can improve communicative competence among ESL learners. The study takes up an analytical approach based on classroom practices and recent studies in English language teaching. The article talks about effects of teaching LSRW skills together. That will help learners to develop confidence, fluency, and meaningful communication abilities. The findings propound that LSRW integration plays an important role in improving communicative competence and should be included in ESL classrooms. Supplementally, the study precisely focuses on upgrading communicative competence through the integration of LSRW skills in classroom teaching. Because teaching language skills in isolation limits students’ ability to use English in real-life situations. When listening, speaking, reading, and writing are taught together in a meaningful sequence, learners begin to understand how language works in reliable communicative situation. For illustration, students initially listen to short audio materials, then discuss their understanding with their peers, read related passages, and finally express their ideas through short written responses. This integrated process makes learning more interactive and practical. The article also features a nice improvement in students’ confidence, fluency, and participation when LSRW-based activities such as role plays, group discussions, task-based reading, and reflective writing are regularly practiced in the classroom. Furthermore, the study spotlights the role of the teacher in designing communicative tasks that connect all four skills and encourage active learning. The findings openly show that remodelling communicative competence becomes more adequate when LSRW skills are integrated systematically. Therefore, the article concludes that integrating LSRW is an essential and practical approach for developing communicative competence among ESL learners, especially at the college level.
Copyright (c) 2026 S. Nivetha, D. Bellarmen https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
Surfacing from the Social Stigma: A Study of Sudha Murty’s Mahashwetha
Illness narratives record patients’ suffering, their search for cures, and ways of coping with pain. They are significant to social scientists as they present first-hand experiences that dispel myths and reveal social realities. While diseases like cancer and AIDS are life-threatening, some illnesses like leukoderma (vitiligo) are termed cosmetic diseases because they alter physical appearance and deeply affect mental well-being. Many writers document such narratives with social responsibility. Sudha Murty, in her novel Mahashwetha, portrays the social stigma and psychological trauma caused by leukoderma. The novel emphasizes that beyond physical illness, patients endure emotional suffering, and that medical humanism through compassion, care, and reassuring words can aid healing and reduce ignorance about disease.
Copyright (c) 2026 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
Ten Years Pattern of Authorship Trends on Semiconductor Chips Literature: A Scientometric Analysis
An attempt has been made to observe the research performance of authors and trends of collaborative patterns in the field of Semiconductor chips during the period from 2014 to 2023 by applying scientometric analysis. The study data was interpreted using software tools such as Bib Excel and VOSviewer, and the findings were tabulated using Microsoft Excel. The results revealed that a total of 4941 papers were published during the recent ten years, with the highest number of publications, i.e., 725, being produced in 2023. The study also noted a remarkable degree of collaboration (0.97%), with the highest degree of collaboration (0.98%) being observed in 2023. Journals emerged as the primary medium of communication employed by researchers, with multi-authored papers exhibiting a significant increase (96.80%) vis-àvis single-authored papers (3.20%). The researchers' publication behaviour was found to be highly selective, with specialized articles representing the preferred platform for publishing research results
Copyright (c) 2026 Mumtaj Begum. H, S. Raja https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0