Macroeconomic Policy for Sustainable Growth

Abstract

Sustainable growth has become the central objective of modern macroeconomic policy, balancing economic expansion with social equity and environmental preservation. This paper examines the role of fiscal, monetary, and structural policies in promoting sustainable growth in India during the period 2020–2024. Using secondary data from RBI, IMF, and World Bank, the study evaluates key macroeconomic indicators such as GDP growth, inflation, unemployment, fiscal deficit, and renewable energy investment. Findings reveal that while fiscal expansion and accommodative monetary policy aided post-pandemic recovery, structural challenges such as inflationary pressures and uneven employment persisted. The results emphasize the importance of coordinated fiscal-monetary strategies, inclusive growth policies, and sustainable investment.