The Journey of Sri Lankan Tamils in Aliyar Rehabilitation: from Refugee to Resident

Abstract

This research Article, which centers on the Aliyar Rehabilitation Camp, tracks the movement and resettlement of Sri Lankan Tamils in Tamil Nadu. More than 300,000 Tamils crossed over to India in four significant waves after the civil war in Sri Lanka and many were relocated to camps such at Aliyar. Initially characterized by overcrowding, inadequate infrastructure, and social isolation, Aliyar posed considerable difficulties for refugees’ employment, education and mental health. However, through coordinated actions by the Indian Government, the state of Tamil Nadu and NGOs, the camp gradually changed over time. Basic needs such as education, housing, healthcare, and vocational training were met through welfare programs. The second and third generations now have better opportunities for employment, education, and transportation. The symbolic renaming of “refugee camps” as “rehabilitation camps” in 2021 represented a move in the direction of identity reconstruction and integration. However, hurdles persist: legislative obstacles to citizenship, restricted land rights, and societal prejudice continue to prevent complete integration. The example of Aliyar shows how refugees, via ongoing support and agency, can transition from crisis to community and redefine their identity as productive members of Tamil Nadu rather than just as survivors. This paper highlights the changing definition of home and belonging, as well as the fortitude of the Sri Lankan Tamil community.